Open Access Pub publishes peer-reviewed, free-to-read open-access articles. Showing
articles matching hepatocytes — open any to read the full text,
or download the PDF or XML.
Jan 2020 DOI 10.14302/issn.2690-4829.jen-19-3127
The antioxidant and membrane resistant peculiarities of a new derivative (2-cyan-3,4,4-trymethil-2-buten-4-olyd - CTBO) of cyan containing unsaturated lactones have been studied in membranes of hepatocytes with Sarcoma-45 1. The results of our previous research 123 showed significant changes of phospholipid (PL) exchange in hepatocytes of microsomal membranes at experimental animals vaccinated with Sarcoma-45 tumor strain. It is manifested in significant changes of quantitative and qualitative contents of membrane phospholipids separate fractions, increase of cytotoxic lysophospholipids (LPCs), phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidic acid (PA) levels, significant decrease of phosphatitylcholines (PC) and sphingomyeline (SP) contents, statistically significant changes of PL/PL ratio, peroxidation ratio intensity, dramatic increase of phospholipase A2 (PLA2)activity, quantitative and qualitative changes of adenyl nucleotides, as well as disorders of adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) system activity 34567.
Nov 2022 DOI 10.14302/issn.2835-513X.ijl-22-4266
The present study investigated the effect of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Dialiumguineense stem bark on lipid profile and CCl4- induced histological changes in liver of Wistar rats. Adult male Wistar rats (n = 25) weighing 160 – 180 g (mean weight = 170 ± 10 g) were randomly assigned to five groups (5 rats per group): normal control, CCl4 control, silymarin, aqueous extract and ethanol extract groups. With the exception of normal control, the rats were exposed to CCl4 (single oral dose of 1.0 mL/kg body weight, bwt). Silymarin group rats were administered standard hepatoprotective drug, silymarin, at a dose of 100 mg/kg bwt, while those in the two treatment groups received 1000 mg/kg bwt of aqueous or ethanol extract orally for 28 days. Lipid profile parameters were determined in plasma, while rat liver was subjected to histopathological examination. The results showed that the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), very-low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as well as atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) were significantly lower in CCl4 control group than in normal control group, but they were increased by extract treatment (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in atherogenic coefficient (AC) and cardiac risk ratio (CRR) among the groups (p > 0.05). Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) markedly disrupted the structure of hepatocytes and induced steatosis (intra-hepatocyte fat in-growth and inflammation) which was predominantly microvesicular. However, treatment with aqueous and ethanol extracts of D. guineense stem bark showed marked regeneration of hepatocytes (unremarkable hepatic lobular architecture). The toxic hepatic injury induced by CCl4 was significantly blocked by the plant extracts.
Oct 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn.2577-2279.ijha-18-2384
Background: Oral ingestion of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) may lead to serious liver injury. Vitamin E (VE) is an important antioxidant factor that can reduce such damage. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the possible changes that could take place in the liver of adult male albino rats after oral ingestion of ZnONPs and elucidate the potential protective role of VE against such damage. Material and Methods: Forty eight male albino rats were divided into four groups of 12 animals each. Group (1) served as control group and received normal saline. Group (2) “VE-treated” received 100 mg/kg/day of VE dissolved in normal saline by oral gavage for 21 days. Group (3) “ZnONPs-treated” received a daily dose of ZnONPs dispersed in the fresh sterilized physiological saline solution 1mg/kg for 5 constitutive days. Group (4) “concomitant ZnONPs and VE-treated” was pretreated with VE 100 mg/kg/day for 14 days followed by the same dose of ZnONPs as in group (3) for 5 days. The extent of hepatic damage was evaluated by histological and immunohistochemical examination of liver samples and serological analysis of liver enzymes. Results: Body weights and liver weights showed very highly significant decrease (P <0.001) in the ZnONPs-treated group. The histological results in ZnONPs-treated group revealed congested dilated central veins and blood sinusoids, loss of normal arrangement of hepatocytes and most of hepatocytes showed marked vacuolated cytoplasm with darkly stained nuclei. Portal area affection was in the form of congested dilated portal veins with bile duct hyperplasia and cellular infiltration. There was an increase in the mount of blue stained collagen fibers around central veins together with strong positive reaction for Caspase 3 in ZnONPs-treated group. Similarly biochemical analysis indicated that the levels of serum aminotransferase (AST &ALT) significantly increased in ZnONPs-treated group when compared with other groups. Rats pretreated with VE showed improvement of the histological findings and biochemical parameters. Conclusion: Ingestion of ZnONPs could be associated with serious liver affection and pretreatment with VE is suggested to induce some improvement of such deleterious changes.
Dec 2017 DOI 10.14302/issn.2641-7669.ject-17-1789
We aimed to study the effect of buspirone, an anxiolytic drug and 5-HT1A agonist on liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. Rats were orally treated with CCl4 (2.8 mL/kg in olive oil) along with buspirone at 10, 20 or 30 mg/kg once daily starting with CCl4 and for one week thereafter. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as well as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were determined in the serum. Markers of oxidative stress: lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde; MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (nitrite/nitrate) levels were measured in the liver. Moreover, paraoxonase 1 activity was determined in the liver and serum. The administration of CCl4 led to significant increases in serum ALT, AST, and ALP activities. Results showed that there were significantly increased hepatic MDA, nitrite and decreased GSH levels. PON1 activity decreased both in the liver and serum, respectively. The immunohistochemical investigations using anti-caspase-3 antibody revealed that CCl4 caused apoptosis to many hepatocytes. DNA studies showed that CCl4 caused hypoploidy in hepatocytes. Rats treated with 20-30 mg/kg buspirone showed significant decrease in serum ALT and AST by 19.5-34.3% and 24.2-31.4%, respectively. Serum ALP decreased by 21.7% after 30 mg/kg buspirone. In the liver, the higher dose of the drug resulted in decreased MDA (by 15.8%), decreased nitric oxide (17.4%) and increased GSH (by 20.1%). Significantly increased serum PON1 activity by 43.9-53.5% was observed after treatment with 20-30 mg/kg buspirone. On histopathologic examination of liver sections, there was mild protective effect for the drug at 30 mg/kg. Sections stained with anti- caspase- 3 confirmed the results obtained from histopathological examination. Moreover, buspirone given at 30 mg/kg resulted in an increase in % of cells containing normal values of DNA. These results indicate that buspirone decreases liver oxidative stress and exerts protective effect against CCl4- toxicity. The study thus indicates more beneficial effects of buspirone as an anxiolytic drug and that the drug could be used safely in patients with liver disease.
Mar 2014 DOI 10.14302/issn.2326-0793.jpgr-13-333
Carbofuran is a broad spectrum pesticide used in agricultural fields and domestic places throughout the world. It is one of the deadly toxic carbamate pesticide that kills the pest by inhibiting the crucial enzyme of nervous system known as acetyl cholinesterase. In the present study, we report how carbofuran increases the different spectrum of cholesterols, including free cholesterol and esterified cholesterol in the fish hepatocytes. It is observed that induced-cholesterol can inhibit the enzymatic activity such as Ca++-ATPase, which is a critical protein for maintaining the calcium homoeostasis in the cellular microenvironment. Carbofuran integrates into human body through foods and drinks. As trace of carbofuran is identified in our daily food and drinks, we examined the homology of Ca++-ATPase between the fish and human, so our data can illuminate the effects of carbofuran on this crucial enzyme. While studying the homology with the help of bioinformatics, we recognized that there is around 70% homology in the protein sequence of Ca++-ATPase between fish Heteropneustesfossilisand human (Homo sapiens), which appears as sufficient to simulate our fish-model data in human. This study demonstrates that carbofuran affects our day-to-day life by inhibiting Ca++-ATPase through modulation of lipid synthesis, a critical regulatory system that controls overall homeostasis in our body.